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Babylon dictionary struct11/26/2022 The final period of Babylonian supremacy occurred in the seventh and sixth centuries BC. Over the next millennium, the Babylonian empire experienced various periods of ascendancy and decline, sometimes even falling to a number of neighboring invaders, who nonetheless preserved the cultural importance of Babylon. See also: Criminalistics Forensic evidence Some of the most notable rules were the presumption of innocence, the allowance for both the accused and accuser to provide evidence, and the establishment of a minimum wage for workers. Inscribed on an upright stone stele (slab or pillar), this legal code consisted of a set of 282 rules of law guiding conduct and justice. From 1792 to 1750 BC, this king centralized control over the various city-states in Mesopotamia and instituted one of the first written codes of law, namely the Code of Hammurabi. The ruler who helped to shape the Babylonian empire and consolidate its power was Hammurabi. See also: Anthropology Archeoastronomy Archeology Architectural engineering Astronomy Mathematics Medicine Science Scientific methods Zodiac In addition, it is likely that the biblical story of the Tower of Babel was based on an ancient Babylonian structure. Once famous for its impressive architectural marvels, including massive walls, ziggurats (pyramid-shaped temples built on platforms), and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon (considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World), few remains of this ancient city can be found today. The most important city was Babylon, which was situated 88 kilometers (55 miles) southwest of modern-day Baghdad. Along with this political and geographical dominance, the cities of the Babylonian empire became rich centers of learning, especially in the areas of astronomy, astrology (including the division of the night sky into a zodiac of constellations), mathematics, and medicine. Through a series of expansions and conquests undertaken by various dynastic kings, these two cultures were incorporated into the Babylonian empire, which eventually established control over many other kingdoms from ancient Persia to Syria and Palestine. Before the rise of the Babylonians, the area was inhabited by the Sumerians in southeast Mesopotamia and the Akkadians in northwest Mesopotamia. The Babylonian civilization flourished from approximately 1900 to 539 BC in the central and southern regions of Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq), predominantly between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers.
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